Furthermore, the bodies of Christians were considered to have been sanctified by baptism and the reception of the sacraments, and thus were to be treated with dignity and respect, as befits a " Temple of the Holy Spirit" ( 1 Corinthians 3:16–17, 6:19). Though the church always taught that the destruction of the earthly remains posed no threat to the bodily resurrection, many Christians risked their lives to prevent this desecration of the relics of the saints. During times of persecution, pagan authorities erroneously thought they could destroy the martyrs' hope of resurrection by cremating their remains.
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Burial was always preferred as the method of disposition inherited from Judaism and the example of Jesus' burial in the tomb. While involving no necessary contradiction of any article of faith, it is opposed alike to ancient canon law and to the usages ( praxis) of antiquity. Traditionally, the Christian Church opposed the practice of cremation by its members. The coffin is covered by a blue and gold pall, and the grave is being dug in the foreground. Recorded in the writing is a description of "the Order of what the clerics of any city ought to do when their bishop falls into a mortal sickness." It details the steps of ringing church bells, reciting psalms, and cleaning and dressing the body.ġ5th-century monastic funeral procession entering Old St. Probably the earliest detailed account of funeral ceremonial which has been preserved to us is to be found in the Spanish Ordinals of the latter part of the seventh century. Monica, the Apostolic Constitutions (Book VII), and the Celestial Hierarchy of Dionysius the Areopagite. Gregory of Nyssa’s detailed description of the funeral of St. Several historical writings indicate that in the fourth and fifth centuries, the offering of the Eucharist was an essential feature in the last solemn rites. Paul the Hermit, speaks of the singing of hymns and psalms while the body is carried to the grave as an observance belonging to ancient Christian tradition. Jerome, in his account of the death of St. Other early Christians likely followed the national customs of the people among whom they lived, as long as they were not directly idolatrous. This practice likely came from the use of the same among Second Temple Jews. Early Christians did practice the use of an Ossuary to store the skeletal remains of those saints at rest in Christ. Little is known with regard to the burial of the dead in the early Christian centuries. It is surrounded at all times with some measure of religious ceremony. In the light of the dogma of the resurrection of the body as well as of Jewish tradition, the burial of the mortal remains of the Christian dead has always been regarded as an act of religious import.
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Early Christians used only burial, as can be demonstrated from the direct testimony of Tertullian and from the stress laid upon the analogy between the resurrection of the body and the Resurrection of Christ ( 1 Corinthians 15:42).
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No man knows the place that he was buried, even to this day." ( Deuteronomy 34:6). Even God himself is depicted in the Torah as performing burial: "And buried him ( Moses) in the depression in the land of Moab, opposite Beth Peor. Fourth-century Christian burial depicted in relief at the Shrine of San Vittore in ciel d'oro, Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, Milan.Īmong the Greeks and Romans, both cremation and burial were practiced.